"STS"あるいは「科学技術研究」についてII(5)
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The last, and concluding, part of this STS series is arranged to provide the critical study of science and technology. The issues are: (1) Science, Technology and Public Affairs, (2) Science and Technology in Multiculturalism and, (3) Criticism of some anti-science or anti-technology attitudes. Introducing any science and technology method to public affairs, the cost-benefit structure is so complex as to make it difficult to separate beneficial aspects of science and technology from unfavorable effects of those. Further, stakeholders, who might pursuit individually different benefits in accordance with their different standpoints, participate in every issue in the whole problem. Thus any simple views of science and technology should fail. Instead, a new strategic thinking of science and technology is necessary, as exemplified by the study of the global carbon dioxide problem. Multiculturalism is now spreading across the vast areas of cultural studies. But "science and multiculturalism" is one of the most difficult problems, because the existence of the universally true statement, which has an essential meaning in science, must be attributed to the western culture. Two extreme cases are discussed: the physicalism of O. Neurath and the strong program of social constructivism. This writer preferrs the theory of alienation of Hegelian philosophy which might open a possibility to overcome the contradiction between multiculturalism and universalism. On anti-science programs, the writer is very critical, because most ecological thinking acknowledges the identification of human order with the natural order of the material world. This attitude is not compatible with the human rights of our civil society.
- 1999-07-30
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