階段およびスロープ昇降時の関節モーメントの分析(2部運動機能)

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In recent years the population of elderly people in Japan has increased tremendously, necessitating modifications of many of the houses they live in. Recent surveys show that about half of the elderly people want to modify their houses. Stairs and slopes are obstacles frequently encountered by elderly people in daily living activities. Ascending and descending stairs and slopes are quite demanding and therefore these should be constructed according to recommended values of the Japanese Ministry of Construction for older people. However a lot of staircases and slopes are constructed using upper limit values of the Building Standards Act, a factor which makes it difficult for older persons to use them safely. In order to determine advantages of the recommended values, we have to prove the effects of these values for body load and safety objectively in respect to ADL. Although there have been a lot of studies about biomechanics for ascending and descending stairs, there are very few for slopes. Also there are some studies, which only investigated the lower extremity joint moment during ascending and descending, but there is no study that has investigated the low back joint moment during ascending and descending stairs and slopes. The purpose of this study was to show the effects of dimensions of stairs and slopes on the low back load and to show the differences of low back load between young healthy adults and older people during ascent and descent. We investigated the low back joint moment when subjects ascended and descended two stairs and two slopes of different dimensions using force plates and a three-dimensional motion analysis system (staircase A and slope A were based on recommended values of the Japanese Ministry of Construction for older people, while staircase B and slope B were based on upper limit values of the Building Standards Act in Japan). This study was performed on eight healthy men and eight elderly men. Results showed that the low back joint moments when older subjects ascended stairs and slopes was larger than those of young subjects, while no change was noticed when both subjects descended stairs. Also low back joint moment became larger during ascent and descent of staircase B than that of staircase A, while no change was noticed during ascent and descent of the two types of slope. Low back joint moment was largest when elderly subjects ascended staircase B. Differences of staircase values had distinct effects on elderly subjects when ascending. Although knee extensor moment and ankle plantar flexor moment were moderately exerted when a healthy young subject ascended staircases A and B; when older subjects ascended staircase A, hip extensor moment was excessively exerted and knee extensor moment and ankle plantar flexor moment couldn't be moderately exerted when older subjects ascended staircase B. This hip strategy caused large trunk bending angle and resulted in increased low back joint moment in the older persons. These results showed that using a type B staircase required a large low back load and therefore is inappropriate for elderly persons.
2004-08-25

階段およびスロープ昇降時の関節モーメントの分析(2部運動機能)

スポンサーリンク

概要

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関連論文

スポンサーリンク

階段およびスロープ昇降時の関節モーメントの分析(2部 運動機能)

スポンサーリンク

概要

著者

関連論文

スポンサーリンク

階段およびスロープ昇降時の関節モーメントの分析(2部運動機能)