Fundamental Studies on Interfacial Tensions in Flotation. II : Surface-Tension Variation, Surface Activity, and Surface Orientation of Frothers at Air-water Interface
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It has been found that the surface tension of cineol solutions varies appreciably with time during measurement by a tensiometer. This fact will have considerable influence on froth characteristics in flotation. Therefore time variation of surface tension of aqueous solutions of frothers has been theoretically considered and two equations are introduced according to the assumption whether or not the rate of diffusion of molecules to the surface from the body of a solution is small as compared with that of evaporation. It is verified experimentally that the equation obtained on the former assumption holds good in the aqueous solutions of cineol. The time variation of the concentration of a solution may also be obtained by the surface tension measurement using this equation. The activity coefficients of pure as well as commercial frothers are calculated. An equation for the relation between surface pressure and the surface concentration of various frothers is introduced and it is concluded that the difference in the surface activity of frothers are mainly due to the ease of adsorption of the molecules of frothers to the surface from the body of a solution. The relation between the surface pressure and the area occupied by a gram molecule is expressed by a formula, which coincides with that of Schofield and Rideal for higher surface pressure. The least area that a molecule can occupy and the reciprocal of the molecular cohesion in Schofield and Rideal's equation are calculated for each frother.
- 東北大学の論文
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