Environmental-Geomorphological Study on the Holocene Mire Development in the Daisetsuzan Mountains, Central Hokkaido, Northern Japan

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The Daisetsuzan Mountains has been under a favorable climatic condition for mire development since about 7,500 y.B.P. There is, however, a difference in origin of mires between below and above the timber line. The occurrence of the mires below the timber line was significantly controlled by topographic factors, related to volcanic activities and landslides which caused the destruction of forest vegetation and the formation of depressions. On the other hand, the occurrence of the mires above the timber line, that is in the alpine zone, was controlled by climatic factors, affecting the position of timber line, the structure of alpine vegetation and the distribution of snow patches. The beginning of the mire formation in the Daisetsuzan Mountains dates back to about 7,500 y.B.P. After about 4,000 y.B.P., many mires began to develop in the alpine zone: according to the result of pollen analysis, Picea and Cyperaceae increased remarkably, which suggests that the climate became cooler than the previous period and the meadow dominated by Cyperaceae expanded in the alpine zone. Since about 2,000 y.B.P., the cool climatic condition has been kept, and the peat accumulation in the mires has continued. Bank (Kermi) and hollow (Schlenke) complexes and palsas are the most important microtopographies in the mires of the Daisetsuzan Mountains. Bank and hollow complexes are originated from solifluction lobes which were formed before the beginning of peat accumulation. Palsas related to permafrost are located only in the mire on the south of Hiragatake (1,720 m a.s.l.) in the Daisetsuzan Mountains of all the mountains of Japan.
北海道大学の論文
1990-12-20

Environmental-Geomorphological Study on the Holocene Mire Development in the Daisetsuzan Mountains, Central Hokkaido, Northern Japan

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