高温太陽集熱による水素製造技術の海外動向(<特集>熱利用技術の新展開 : 太陽エネルギー利用とクリーン燃料製造)

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This paper reviews the recent developments on thermochemical conversion of concentrated solar high temperature heat to hydrogen energy. The conversion has the advantage of producing long term storable clean energy carriers from solar energy. This conversion also enables solar energy transportation from the sunbelt to remote population centers. The direct thermochemical pathway is characterized by a theoretical high efficiency. However, there are solar peculiarities in comparison to conventional thermochemical processes - high thermal flux density and frequent thermal transients because of the fluctuating insolation-, and conventional industrial thermochemical processes are generally not suitable for solar driven processes. Therefore, the adaptation to such peculiarities of solar thermochemical processes has been the important R&D task in this research field. Steam/CO_2 reforming of natural gas, steam/CO_2 gasification of coal, and multi-step thermochemical water splitting, are industrially important, endothermic processes to produce useful chemical fuels such as hydrogen, which have been examined as solar thermochemical processes. The technical developments and feasibilities to conduct these endothermic processes by utilizing concentrated solar radiation as the process heat are discussed here.
一般社団法人日本エネルギー学会の論文
2004-12-20