低地リトアニア方言のアクセント法について

概要

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In this paper I analyze the nominal accentuation of the low Lithuanian (so-called Zemaitian) dialect of Kretinga area synchronically and diachronically. The prosodic system of this dialect differs considerably from the system of the high Lithuanian (Aukstaitian) dialect on which standerd Lithuanian is based, but a synchronic analysis of these Lithuanian dialects leads to the establishment of a close correspondence of tones and stress between these two dialects. On the other hand, based on observing the prosodic system of Kretinga dialect diachronically, I assume the Lithuanian prosodic development of disyllabic nouns to be as follows: 1) The broken tone which appears on the primarily non-stressed syllables of endings is a secondary development. 2) The circumflex and grave which appear on the primarily non-stressed syllables of stems are secondary developments arising as a result of a retraction of a ictus from endings. 3) The broken tone, circumflex and grave which appear on the primarily stressed syllables preserve the original prosodic features. Thus, I contend that in Proto-Lithuanian the opposition of tones existed merely on primarily stressed syllables.