火山ガスの組成と噴出量との関連性についての熱力学的考察 : H_2O-H_2S系の場合

概要

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A volcanic gas phase which is formed by various chemical reactions within a magma reservoir is transferred through a channel or fissure and is emitted into the air. Consequently a system (volcanic gas + magma) is open for gases. A continuous emission of gases shows that the system is not in a state of equilibrium. A steady-state emission is assumed and the thermodynamics of irreversible processes is applied. It is concluded that the steady-state emission is possible when a pressure difference between the magma reservoir and the earth's surface is fixed as a constant, while a temperature difference is changed as free. As the first approximation, a binary gas mixture of H_2O-H_2S is assumed for a simplified model of volcanic gas. Applying the results thus obtained to fumaroles at Showa-Shinzan, it is inferred that the ascending gas increases its H_2S concentration in nearly ten times while the temperature drop is negligible.
特定非営利活動法人日本火山学会の論文
1960-03-30