TED-AJ03-309 THERMODYNAMIC AND COSTING EVALUATIONS OF POWER CYCLES BY BINARY MIXTURES

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The performance of the simplest Kalina cycle with an ammonia-water mixture as shown in Fig. A-1 and three kinds of Rankine cycles as a bottoming cycle of a gas turbine cycle or as a waste heat recovery cycle are evaluated from the thermodynamical and practical views. [figure] We calculated the relation between the net power of the Kalina cycle and operating conditions (temperature at separator, pressure at turbine inlet, mass fraction of ammonia at turbine inlet and temperature of heat source gas) first, and found that there is a peak of net power for each temperature of heat source gas and ammonia mass fraction. Then we calculated the heat transfer [figure] area in each of the heat exchangers from the above conditions to estimate the size of the plant as the fixed capital cost of the cycle. We also calculated net power and heat transfer area of three kinds of Rankine cycles. The relations between the ammonia mass fraction, the net power and the heat transfer area of the simplest Kalina cycle are shown in Fig. A-2. The net power has a peak at z_1≅0.65[kg_<NH_3>/kg], and the heat transfer area is about 527m^2 at the same point. The net power of the Kalina cycle is larger than the Rankine cycles in a relatively lower temperature range of heat source gas, but the heat transfer area of the simplest Rankine cycle at the same operating conditions is 84m^2. Thus, the heat transfer area of a Kalina cycle is much larger than that of a Rankine cycle. Figure A-3 indicates the heat transfer area in the boiler of the simplest Kalina cycle in 3 regions : subcool, evaporation and super heat. A Kalina cycle needs an enormous surface to keep higher performance because the use of a binary mixture decreases the coefficient of heat transfer of evaporation and the logarithmic mean temperature difference in the heat exchanger. [figure]
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TED-AJ03-309 THERMODYNAMIC AND COSTING EVALUATIONS OF POWER CYCLES BY BINARY MIXTURES

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