Pipe Flow under the Influence of Coriolis is Forces

概要

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Fluids moving radial through a rotating channel receive the effect of Coriolis force, and it generates a secondary flow which modifies the distributions of the primary flow velocity. Investigations on this problem are absolutely necessary for the improvements of fluid machines, but the available data are very few because of the difficulties of the experimental works. This paper concerns the hydraulic losses and velocity distributions in a U-shaped rotating channel with a circular section. The losses are found to increase with the rotational speeds when the flow velocity of water is kept constant. The losses are expressed as the ratio of the rotational speeds to the flow velocity. Physical meaning of this ratio on the losses is clarified by the measurements of velocity distributions. When the water moving in the axial direction of the rotating channel is turned in the radial direction, as in the impeller of a fluid machine, the primary flow velocity loses its uniformity and the uneven distribution of velocity causes a peculiar flow changing sinuously along the channel. The detailed nature of this flow is also discussed.
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