粘土類の膨潤現象について : 粘土-水系の研究、III-6

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The subject of the swelling properties of clay-water system are valuable to know the working properties of clays for ceramic uses and the effects of treatments of raw ceramic bodies such as sponging.An apparatus was devised for measuring the linear imbibitional swelling expansion of clays. It is obvious that the swelling of clays is rather complicated physical phenomenon, so that it depends on various factors.Several important phenomenon were derived from the experiments, and the results obtained are summarized as follows:(1) Swelling expansions of highly dispersive clays such as Kibushi-clays, Gaerome-clays, and bentonites are much greater than kaolins, pyrophyllites, sericites, or milled pottery-stones.(2) In general, highl plastic clays show high swelling expansions, but the reverse is excepted.(3) Organic matter exerts an interesting effect upon clay swelling. Generally, organic matter has a high absovptive capacity for water, but some clays rich in organic matter do not always show high swelling expansions.(4) The swelling expansion of clays increases as the temperature of water increases.(5) The swelling expansions are affected by the drying temperature of clays.(6) In general, the swelling expansions of clays in salt solutions conform to the lyotropic series of cations. But the quantity of the expansion varies with the concentration of salts. Kaolin do not expand in salt solutions.(7) In alkali solutions clays show high swelling phenomenon, but do not show in acid solutions. Kaolins display swelling phenomenon in alkali solutions.(8) The relations between exchangeable cations and degree of swelling are differ from clays.(9) The swelling expansions of bentonites in water show four steps.
社団法人日本セラミックス協会の論文
1964-09-01

著者

素木洋一
東京工業大学

粘土類の膨潤現象について : 粘土-水系の研究、III-6

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