フナムシMegaligia exotica(Roux)の週期活動 : I.野外での観察

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1. Only a few data have been reported on the periodit behavior of animal populations. The present paper records the daily periodic journey of the shore isopod populations observed under natural conditions. Observations were performed in 1954,on the intertidal rocky shore near the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory and at Fuji-Shima in Tanabe Bay, from late July to early August, and on the rocky shore at Karo, Tottori City, in August. 2. The shore isopods, that passed night among crevices of rocks above the tidal mark, commence the morning journey just before sunrise. They creep out from the resting places and march down towards the beach making several lines, getting over many stones, rocks or other obstacles, and at last reach their feeding places on the intertidal rock surfaces. They stay there in the daytime. In the late afternoon they begin to retire to their resting places, and the evening journey ends just before sunset. 3. Thus, they travel twice in a day, in the early morning and in the late afternoon. These periodic movements seem to be maintained by the combined action of daily changes of solar illumination and changes in the internal physiological conditions of animals (chiefly of conditions of alternative hunger and satiety). Such elements as air temperature, relative humidity or changes of tidal level may have not affected soundly these periodic movements. 4. It was observed that most individuals behave in aggregation throughout a day, whenever they are resting, migrating or eating. These aggregations are usually composed of several sub-groups, and the age of the members of each sub-group is nearly similar, i.e., animals have a tendency to make agers-assenblages. No sexual groups are recognizable. It is noticeable that the groups composed of younger individuals commence the journey always earlier than those composed of older individuals, regardless of morning or evening. 5. When migrating, the animals move from rock to rock, as it seeking an adequate pathway to the shore or to the resting place. It is thought that such pathways are characteristic to each populations of different habitats, so all members of the same population seem to march on the same way at the journey. 6. It is found that the aggregation has a sort of social organizations, namely, dominance order is recognizable ; the larger the individuals, the more they are dominant.
日本生態学会の論文
1956-03-31

フナムシMegaligia exotica(Roux)の週期活動 : I.野外での観察

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