広葉樹群落の空間構造 : 個体レベルからのアプローチー

概要

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Community-level spatial structure and its developmental pattern are reviewed for hardwood forests on the basis of individual-tree-based studies. Many studies suggest that a tree species shows a specific form of behavior in which it occupies space by a crown according to its successional status ; e.g., a greater height growth rate may be advantageous for competing with adjacent trees at earlier stages of succession, whereas this may discourage stem-diameter growth and horizontal expansion of crowns which would be advantageous for persistence and survival at later stages of succession. The behavior of securing space with a crown seems to be an important factor affecting the growth and survival of a species in a community. Furthermore, there can be intraspecific differences in crown development pattern, resulting from interaction among neighboring trees of different species differing in behavior and size. This will cause structural variation among local sites within a community. The spatial structure of canopies and its developmental pattern in a hardwood forest cannot be explained without considering the behavior of the component species and individual trees. When predicting succession in a forest, it is important to simulate the forest dynamics by taking into account the behavior of species and individuals.
日本生態学会の論文