温帯と熱帯における二次遷移初期群落先駆種の生活史特性

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Patterns common to the early stages of old field succession in temperate regions, as well as the life history features of the dominant species, have been thoroughly studied, especially in the USA and Japan. Seed-bank summer annuals, e.g. Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Chenopodium album, dominated as pioneers in first-year old fields by virtue of germinating from their buried seed population in the spring following winter dormancy. Wind-dispersed winter annuals or biennials, e.g. Conyza sumatrensis and Erigeron canadensis, which easily invade and grow under the canopy of the summcr annual communities due to their shade-tolerant rosettes, dominated in the second-year old fields. These were gradually succeeded by perennial grassland species in the third year or later. On the other hand, wind-dispersed summer annuals, e.g. Erechtites hieracifolia and Crassocephalum crepidioides, dominated during the first year in disturbed mountainous sites of temperate regions, such as clear-felled forest or sites burned by forest fires. In shifting cultivation sites of tropical regions, the same types of wind-dispersed annuals, e.g.C. crepidioides, Ageratum conyzoides and Erechtites spp., dominated as pioneer weeds and were rapidly succeeded by pioneer shrub or tree species within a few years. Pioneer annuals that use a seed bank strategy, common to succession in temperate old fields, were not found at these sites, and thus the invasive strategies of the pioneer annuals of secondary succession in these regions apparently differ from these in old fields. Previously, causal analyses of the early herbaceous stages of secondary succession have been conducted primarlly in old fields of temperate regions, rather than in disturbed sites of temperate and tropical forest. Thus, the succcssional patterns and life history features of pioneer herbs in these areas require further study.
日本生態学会の論文
1998-08-25

温帯と熱帯における二次遷移初期群落先駆種の生活史特性

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