高等教育政策と私立大学の行動

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The purpose of this paper is constructing a theoretical framework in order to explain the mechanism of the expansion and the end or expansion of higher education in post-war Japan. This framework was based on the economic theory of educational services founded by Shogo Ichikawa. The economic theory of educational services originated from public economics, which discusses the role of the government when a competitive market doesn't work well. Through the process of the theoretical analysis, we reached the conclusion as follows : In the 1960's under the environment of a market where the government didn't play an important role, private universities had to expand in size or face a decline in managerial performance for they were characterized by the economic necessities of 'economies of scale'. In the 1970's, governmental subsidy to the private universities was realized, but it didn't change the shructure of the market surrounding the universities. From 1976, the number of students enrolled in 4-year universities became controlled by the government. Because of this control, a kind of coercive cartel was established which maintained economical differentiation among universities by size. Therefore, competition which should promote the efficiency of university organizations hasn't worked well, despite the fact that has become highly expensive. Although university behavior in post-war Japan has dramatically changed with changes of higher education policy and market environment, Japan's private universities have always been, especially in view of economics, rational. But their history has never been peaceful.
日本教育社会学会の論文
1992-08-07

高等教育政策と私立大学の行動

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