近代日本における文芸エリートの社会学的考察

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概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• This paper focuses on the social origins of the elites of literary arts in modern Japan. They have given strong impacts on mass culture and public opinions with their works. Therefore, examining their social origins is an important theme to understand what kind of tendency Japanese modern literary arts had. The results may be summarized as follows: First, about 20% of the elites were born in Tokyo, and 40%-50% of them were born in Tokyo, Kanto, Osaka, and Kinki regions. Second, in early Meiji era, many of these elites were born in "Shizoku" stratum, and later, 40%-60% of them were born in the upper stratum. Third, about 77% of the male elites had higher education. In particular, more than half of them had recieved higher education in Tokyo. Fourth, 24%-30% of the male elites entered Tokyo Imperial University. And, 4%-9% of them entered Kyoto Imperial University. Many of the male elites from these Imperial Universities were the graduates of high school in large cities, especially "Ichi-Ko" and "San-Ko" which were the most selective high schools in modern Japan. Fifth, many of the male elites from Tokyo and Kyoto Imperial Universities, Waseda University, and Keio University majored in literature or philosophy. Sixth, there was a clear distinction on works between the elites from Imperial Universities and the ones from primary or secondary education. The former worked as literary critics or as thinkers. The latter became poets. Finally, I conclude that the elites of literary arts in modern Japan can be characterized as being born in large cities, especially in Tokyo, being born in the upper stratum, and having recieved higher education, particularly in Tokyo. Moreover, the social origins of the elites of literary arts are getting more homegeneous than that of the political elites or the business elites. They were not recruited from every stratum proportionally as shown in the previous studies, but recruited remarkably from the socially advantaged stratum.

• 日本教育社会学会の論文
• 1990-10-05

著者

• 山内 乾史

  大阪大学大学院

• 山内 乾史

  広島大学大学教育研究センター

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