テレビ視聴からみた家庭教育の構造
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Studies on the effects of mass communication have proved that the effects of television on the viewers are intervened by such factors as the primary groups, their norms, and interpersonal relationships within the groups. This suggests that the way in which family members watch television and evaluate various influences of television-viewing upon the socialization of children may be regarded as an important index to show the structure, the value system and the interpersonal relationships of the family. Two aspects of child socialization in the family are examined in terms of TV-watching behaviors reported in various research projects on "television and the child." They are: (1) the contact between parents and children mediated by TV-viewing, and (2) the "deferred gratification" idea closely related with child-rearing in middle-class families. (1) Almost all reports tell us that the contact between parents and children has increased both in the number and in the proportion of hours since the introduction of TV sets into families. It is also suggested that this increase in the quantity of contacts is not necessarily followed by the increase in the frequency of talks and hence in the intimacy between parents and children. This might partly be caused by the parents' attitudes toward the content of adult TV programs which, according to various reports, children watch more often than child programs. Parents or children might enjoy watching these adult programs by themselves, but might feel embarrassed in the presence of the others. If this be the case, it would suggest what the dominant value system would be in the field of child education within the family. But the fact is that most parents are found to be either optimistic or permissive about TV programs in spite of the advice of researchers against such undesirable effects as prematurity. (This, of course, does not mean that parents are quite indifferent to bad influences.) (2) Permissive attitudes toward program content may reflect the general emphasis of modern nuclear families upon enjoyment or the gratification of human desires. The incompatibility between this emphasis and the "deferred gratification" which is considered to be the predominant value of the middle-class family education can be solved by paying a closer attention to one factor of the latter idea, namely, the time-orientation. This time-consciousness of parents may also explain why they are more strict about the way the children watch television than about what they watch.
- 日本教育社会学会の論文
- 1970-10-10
著者
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