EFFECTS OF HYDROXY-ALUMINUM ON FLOCCULATION AND PERMEABILITY OF SMECTITE CLAYS

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The effects of Al(OH)_<2.2>Cl_<0.8> and CaSO_4 on flocculation and permeability of smectite clays were studied by a flocculation test and permeability and viscosity measurements. As compared on the molar basis, Al(OH)_<2.2>Cl_<0.8> and CaSO_4 were not much different in the flocculating power and the enhancement of the permeability for a slit and clay fraction separated from a heavy-textured paddy soil. The permeability of the slit and clay was increased by mixing the suspended slit and clay with the reagent solution, but not by leaching the sedimented slit and clay with the same solution. The addition of these reagents in an amount of 3 to 6 mmol/100 g of the slit and clay (CEC=37.5 meq), which was greater than that necessary for the flocculation, increased its permeability by three to six times. The viscosities of suspensions of smectite (bentonite) to which CaSO_4 or Al(OH)_<2.2>Cl_<0.8> was added indicated quick and slow flocculation by both the reagents and partly irreversible flocculation by Al(OH)_<2.2>Cl_<0.8>.
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