Mechanisms and Processes of Crust Formation on Artificial Aggregates : II. Effect of Slaking and Impact of Rain Drops on Crusting under Different Moisture Conditions

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概要

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• Simulated rainfall treatment (intensity, 4.48 mm min^<-1>; drop diameter, 2.17 mm; falling height, 1.5 m; and duration, 2, 5, 8, 12 min) was applied to three artificially granulated aggregates, 1.0 to 2.0 mm in diameter, the initial moisture content of which was adjusted preliminarily to definite levels of matrie suction, 0.98X 10^<-3> to 9.81 MPa. Degree of crusting was measured in terms of negative logarithm of hydraulic conductivity, -log K value (Tanaka et al. 1905: Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 41, 263-273). The effects of slaking and impact of rain drops on crust development were estimated by using the -log K values obtained after simulated rainfall treatment for 2 and 5 min under different initial moisture conditions. The mechanisms and processes of crust formation under different moisture conditions were discussed. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The action of rainfall involved "impact" and "slaking" as the major factors. The slaking action was further divided into "weak slaking" and "rapid slaking," and the contribution of each factor to the degree of crusting was calculated for a 5-min rainfall treatment. 2) The impact action was observed regardless of the moisture conditions, whereas the effects of weak and rapid slaking appeared when the initial moisture conditions were in a drier range. And, 3) the susceptibility of each soil to the above actions was different.

• 社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文

著者

• Tanaka U

  Grduate School Of Agriculture Kyoto University

• Tanaka Ueru

  Faculty Of Agriculture Kyoto University

• Kosaki Takashi

  Faculty Of Agriculture Kyoto University

• Yokoi Yoshio

  Central Agricultural Experimental Station

• Kyuma Kazutake

  School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture

• Kyuma K

  Faculty Of Environmental Science The University Of Shiga Prefecture

• Yokoi Y

  Hokkaido Central Agricultural Experiment Station

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