軸受鋼のリング壓壞値等に及ぼす不純物の影響 : 軸受鋼の研究 III
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概要
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(1) The author made clear for the first time that the properties of the ball-bearing steels are influenced by raw melting materials even when they have the same chemical compositions, C, Si, Mn, P, S & Cr as specified ; that is, the samples made of the armco iron as the raw materials for melting show lower hardness after annealled, more shallow-hardened depth by Jominy test after quenched, and higher ring crushing strength in comparison with the samples made of the return-scraps in plant. (2) With the presumption that these differences of the properties would be caused by small quantity of the contained impurities, N, Ni & Cu, due to the raw materials for melting and also by Sn, Pb & As, by comparing the contents of the impurities in both samples, the author added these impurities artificially to the samples made of the armco iron as the raw material for melting and tested the relation between these added quantities and the changes of the properties. (3) According to the results tested 3 times, changing N in about 0.003∿0.025%, the hardness after annealled, hardened and tempered increases a little and the ring crushing strength after hardened and tempered decreases generally with increase of N. (4) By increasing each of Ni and Cu up to about 1.0%, the transformation temperature decreases distinctly with the former. but it does not clearly with the latter. However, both of them make increase of the hardness after spherodizing annealled. Concerning to the ring crushing value, a little increase can be seen in some of the former but monistic change is not recognized, and in the latter, some decreases or no monistic change are acknowledged. (5) According to the results tested with addition of each Sn, Pb & As up to about 1.0%, the transformation temperature increases a little by Sn & As, but is not infiuenced by Pb, and the hardness after spheroidizing-annealed is not influenced by Pb at all, is made a little higher by As, and is raised up most markedly by Sn. The hardness after hardened and tempered shows the inclination for a little increase in each case. The ring crushing strength decreases most remarkably by increase of Sn, and great difference in the declining extent of the crushing value is not observed between As and Pb increased until about 0.3%, but the decline of the value is seen more remarkable with As than with Pb when added more than the above. (6) The changes of microstructures by addition of the said impurities were investigated, and further electron-microscopic study or research by special etching method were carried out on some cases. (7) As mentioned above, proving with the numerical values resulted from the concrete tests that the properties of the samples made of the armco iron as the raw material for melting approach generally to those of the samples made of the return-scrap in plant when we added artificially the impurities, N, Ni and Cu, or Sn, Pb and As to the-samples from the armco iron, it made the initial step to clear the problems influenced by raw materials.
- 社団法人日本鉄鋼協会の論文
- 1954-04-25
著者
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