比熱測定法の一般的考察と伝熱型熱量計の新しい使用法

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First, merits and demerits of each method of measuring specific heat were thoroughly discussed. Although by the mixing method it is relatively easy to measure the specific heat even at high temperatures such as 1600℃, it is not able to measure the minute variation of specific heat with temperature. The continuously heating method is to be adopted for this purpose. Although the adiabatic calorimeter is most usually used as the one belonging to the latter category, it is very difficult to measure the specific heat by this method at high temperatures above 1000℃, since the null of electromotive force of the differential thermocouple does not generally correspond to the null of heat transfer between the outer case and the sample, but the amount of this heat transfer should be determined by another measurement on a substance whose specific heat is already known - that is, even by the adiabatic calorimeter the absolute determination of specific heat is generally impossible at high temperatures. Then we may say that the conduction calorimeter is more preferable than the adiabatic one owing for the simplicity of its structure. The voltage supplying the heat energy to the sample in the adiabatic calorimeter makes sometimes the thermoelectromotive force of couples and differential couples unreliable for the sake of considerable electrical conductiveness of each insulator at high temperatures. Considering the above situation, a new method of using the conduction calorimeter was developed, in which the thermo-electromotive force of differential thermocouple was recorded when the current of furnace was varied in a definite manner. The difference of electromotive force on "heating curve" and "equilibrium curve" at each temperature expresses the true amount of heat transfer between the outer case and the sample at that temperature. Especially at high temperatures, this method is more reliable and less laborious than the usual one in which the thermo-electromotive force of the differential thermocouple is kept constant, since the maintaining of electromotive force as constant is difficult and nevertheless the constant value of electromotive force does not correspond to that of heat transfer at high temperatures.
宇宙航空研究開発機構の論文
1956-08-25

比熱測定法の一般的考察と伝熱型熱量計の新しい使用法

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