クリシュナ神への讃歌 : 北インドで唱されている抒情詩の解説と翻訳(2)
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概要
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Devotional Songs are dedicated to Lord Krishna, both in the homes and in the temples of Hindi-speaking areas of India. On the evening of August 12th, 2001, the day of Krishna Janamotsav, Krishna's Birthday Festival, I was invited to the Radha Raman Temple of Vrindaban by the people who were dedicating devotional songs to Lord Krishna. The people offering the devotional songs kept a booklet of 11 pages, which was titled Janamotsav ki Vadhaaii, or the Celebration of the Birthday Festival. Janamotsav ki Vadhaaii contains 20 devotional lyrics by eminent poets of the late 16th Century to the middle of the 17th Century, including Surdas, Hitharivamsh, Nanddas, and Parmanddas. Thus, the small booklet is a brief and fine anthology of devotional songs dedicated to Krishna for his birthday festival. Janamotsav ki Vadhaaii, being a guide and a handbook for the occasion, represents the images of Lord Krishna in the hearts of present-day Hindu devotees. When we study the situation described in the devotional songs, we learn that the people of the Braj area were very happy to have Lord Krishna as the son of King Nand, and the king was also very happy to celebrate the occasion with his people. We also learn about the various communities during the days of the late medieval age: cowherds with their wives and girls, Brahmans, bards, astrologers, ascetics, rich farmers represented by Gujars and Jats, artisans including tailors and carpenters, and even beggars. This paper, with the paper published in No.99 of Language Studies by the same title, includes a survey of the poets in the booklet, Japanese translations of all 20 lyrics, and a study of lyrics with special reference to their contents and poetical forms. To conclude this summary, one lyric by Parmananddas (1493-1583) is given below in an English translation to illustrate the devotional songs in the booklet (No.11). This day of celebration is splendid, At the Nand Family, mother Yashoda gave birth to a cute boy, Many people, playing various instruments, visit the Court of Nand. Ladies bring Jars of sacred water, men decorate the gate of the Court; The elegant ladies celebrate the baby, wishing his long and happy life. Lord Krishna is the Lord of Parmananddas, the Lord was born as a cowherd.
- 拓殖大学の論文
- 2002-12-28
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