外国語使用の是否をめぐって : HeamとChamberlainの論争
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概要
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Lafcadio Hearn (1850-1904) and Basil Hall Chamberlain (1850-1935) sometimes had heated arguments through letters. One of these was about the propriety of putting Japanese words into an English text. This discussion not only revealed their different views of language, but also cast light on their different tastes in literature. Chamberlain put a high value on the practical side of words. He believed that unintellegibility blurred the true nature of words and that you cannot appreciate words unless you know their full meaning. And so, he thought that foreign things should be expressed in the writer's native language. On the other hand, Hearn emphasized the aesthetic side of words; he argued that words have their own colour, form, character, tints, tones, personalities, etc. He believed a word has a poetic element beyond meaning. Therefore, even unintelligible words have an effect on the reader's imagination due to their sounds, etc. They both spent the greater portion of their lives in foreign countries and enjoyed native cultures; they also had the common experience of engaging in teaching and studying in Japan. Hearn had a special affection for adopting Japanese things into his works. He tried to stress the attractive aspects of different cultures by weaving the pleasant sounds of native languages into his works. However, Chamberlain always put the basis of his judgement on a European centered sense of values: he did not appreciate the exotic literature which praised the charms of non-Occidental culture. When we investigate their assertions, we might call Hearn 'a man of sensibility' and Chamberlain 'a man of intelligence'.
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