中部地方におけるGPS変位速度場の深部定常すべり断層によるモデル化と飛騨山脈の 応力場
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Two significant tectonic features in the Chubu district, central Honshu, Japan, are the abrupt change of the GPS displacement pattern along the Niigata-Kobe tectonic line and the anomalous direction NW-SE of compressional stresses derived from earthquake mechanisms and crater alignments of Quaternary volcanos in the Hida mountains, being deviated from the average direction of WNW-ESE of the island arc scale. We attempt to model the GPS displacements consisting of two elements, the right-lateral relative movement at a rate of ~2cm/yr between the northeast and the southwest Japan blocks and a locking fault in the upper crust along the Niigata-Kobe tectonic line. Subtracting the block movements from the GPS displacements yields a new data set of surface displacements, for which we make a geodetic inversion to obtain a backslip model of a left-lateral normal fault with the strike direction N43°E, the dip direction of -43°, the rake angle of 124°, the depth of the lower edge of 20 km, and the slip rate of ~2.9 cm/yr. Superposing the right-lateral block movements on the displacements produced by the backslip fault model recovers the original GPS displacements and a dislocation on the backslip fault becomes zero. The backslip fault turns to be the locking fault in this final situation. This model produces a compressional stress field with the direction NW-SE and a magnitude of ~10kPa/yr at a depth range of 0~10 km, which is qualitatively consistent with the anomalous compressional stress direction in the Hida mountains obtained by focal mechanisms. Based on the modeling, we propose the working hypothesis that the Niigata-Kobe tectonic line currently plays the role of the plate boundary between the Okhotsk (the northeast Japan) and the Amurian plates (southwest Japan blocks), instead of the Itoigawa-Shizuoka tectonic line.
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