奈良女高師附小における子どもの能力差認識・「劣等児」認識と教育方法改革

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概要

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• This paper is to study the process which teachers reformed educational method through recognition of difference of ability and retarded children in Primary School attached to Nara Women s Higher Normal School. Primary School attached to Nara Women s Higher Normal School led movement for New Education in Taishou era. This school adopted Group Teaching the instruction by grouping students to correspond with difference of ability from 1911 to 1919. Yukinori SANADA, the schoolmaster, a professor of Nara Women s Higher School, wrote 'Principle of Group Teaching (Bundank youjyu-gengi)' which gave a basis the practice. Jingo SHIMIZU and Syohei SAITOU practiced this method. Since Takeji KINOSHITA assigned to this school in 1919,Method of Autonomous Learning (Gakusyu-hou) was practiced by SHIMIZU and the other teachers. KINOSHITA insisted that advantages and disadvantages made progress together in a class, and KINOSHITA and SIMIZU were critical to ability-grouped class. In this paper I examined that teacher's view point of retarded children, contents of ability and teacher s recognition of difference of ability. And that is why because I think it indispensability, the method is possible to be effective and universal for all children. SANADA tried to enable treats of groups correspond child's ability, construct rationally the sequence of instruction for retarded children by grouping student's achievements. On the other hand, KINOSHITA tried to enable still individual treats by Method of Autonomous Learning. In these teacher s insist and educational care I can obtain suggestion of many to reform educational method for all children. Repetition of a basis concept, improvement of arrangement of teaching materials, and so on. SIMIZU and Kisaburo AKITA, the teacher of Primary School attached to Nara Women's Higher Normal School, insisted necessity special educational care for retarded children, repetition of exercises by grouping students, necessity which teacher drew out child's will for learning by teacher s recognition of child's ability, discovery of his ability by himself.

著者

• 宇佐見 香代

  奈良女子大学

関連論文

• 奈良女高師附小における子どもの能力差認識・「劣等児」認識と教育方法改革
• 奈良女高師の教員の服装
• 自律的学習法と教師の指導性の構造に関する一考察 : 奈良女高師附小訓導清水甚吾の実践を中心に
• 清水甚吾の学級経営論・学校経営論についての一考察
• 大正期学習権思想の今日的意義 : 下中弥三郎の教育論を中心に
• 下中弥三郎における教育の固有性の探究 (松井春満教授定年退官記念号)
• 主体性形成の課題 : 生活教育の主張をめぐって
• 「教育方法の研究」史における「劣等児」認識
• 野村芳兵衛における「人生科」・「生活科」・「読書科」の考察
• 下中弥三郎の教育思想 : 教育的価値論を中心に

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