デカルトの道徳論における自由意志と知恵

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This paper examines how Descartes developed his moral philosophy in the correspondences with Princess Elisabeth in the autumn in 1645 and in The Passions of The Soul. On August 18th in 1645,Decartes presented a morality in which sense and passions must be completely regulated by reason in order to attain bliss. But Elisabeth pointed out that his moral theory in the letter might exclude the people who lost their own rational fuculty from happiness. Accepting her suggestion, Descartes reconstructed his moral theory on free will with which such a people could also enjoy the happiness in their life in the letter to Cristine of Sweden on November 20th in 1647. Later, in The Passions of The Soul, Descartes asserted that role of free will in practical judgement is important. We can see its importance in regulating passions in the analysis of the virtue of generosity. To regulate them, we must have wisdom which is made up of our consciousness so that we can exercise and control our free will. So wisdom makes it possible to use our free will in order to control our passions, and to teach us how to live with satisfaction. Thus the purpose of Cartesian moral philosophy is to search for the way how we can acquire this wisdom.
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