Global Phase Diagram of Water Confined on the Nanometer Scale

概要

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Water confined on the nanometer scale exhibits unusual behavior that cannot be observed in the bulk. The freezing/melting temperature $T_{\text{m}}$ of liquids is one of the most prominent phenomena that strongly depend on geometrical confinement. In this work, we report the phase behaviors of water in a cylindrical pore of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Previous studies [Maniwa et al.: Chem. Phys. Lett. 401 (2005) 534] of SWCNTs with diameters $D$ from 1.17 to 1.45 nm clarified that water shows a liquid-to-solid like transition with decreasing temperature. In the present work, we increased the diameter to $D=2.4$ nm to establish the global phase diagram of water. Employing a combination of X-ray diffraction and NMR experiments, we found that water within an SWCNT undergoes a wet–dry transition instead of ice formation once $D$ exceeds about 1.6 nm.
Physical Society of Japanの論文
2010-08-15