Root Elongation Rate in Seedlings of Some Lines of Cowpea(Vigna unguiculata(L.) WALP.), Differing in Drought Tolerance.
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概要
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In Sudan Savanna, late arrival of the rainy season delays both planting and maturity of crops. Delayed maturity far into the dry season leads to exposure to drought at the ripening stage and yield loss. Root elongation, however, under water stress enables roots to capture receding residual soil moisture. Elongation rate of the longest root under water stress, therefore, was compared among seedlings of cowpea lines (<I>Vigna unguiculata</I> (L.) WALP.), differing in drought tolerance. Thin acrylic pipes were used for pots to trace the daily root elongation.<BR>In the first experiment, root elongation rate of highly tolerant lines was less reduced under water stress than that of highly susceptible ones. Distribution ratio of dry weight of roots among soil layers was also less affected by the stress, the ratio in deeper soil layers being as large as that in the control plot. In contrast, the ratio in deeper soil layers decreased under water stress in highly susceptible lines.<BR>In the second experiment, root elongation rate was measured in five kinds of soil, whose moisture content was kept at 13, 11, 9, 7 and 5 percent (w/w) respectively throughout the experiment. Decrease of the rate was observed at a moisture content of 9% in a highly susceptible line, whereas at 7% in a highly tolerant line. Depression of root growth at a lower moisture content observed in a highly tolerant line seemed to be one of the characteristics responsible for drought tolerance in cowpeas.
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