Geographical Distribution of Growth Types in Mungbean Vigna radiata (L.) WILCZEK.
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概要
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Evaluation of genetic diversity within germplasm collections is important to plant breeders who desire sources of genes for particular traits. Four hundred ninety seven local mungbean strains collected from various countries were evaluated for growth characteristics and classified into eight growth types. Growth type classificationwas performed by examining the frequency distribution of number of days from sowing to flowering, stem length and number of lateral branches. A clear geographical cline could be recognized in the geographical distribution of the growth types. The strains consisting of tall plants with high-branching habit and late maturity (Growth type 8) were predominantly cultivated in areas of low latitudes (Indonesia and Thailand) . At the intermediate latitudes (Taiwan and the Philippines), the predominant types consisted also of tall plants but changed to low-branching habit (Growth types 3 and 7) . The maturity span of many strains from the Philippines were shorter compared to that of the strains from Taiwan. At high latitudes (Korea, Afghanistan and Iran), the predominant type changed to short plants with an early maturity and low-branching habit (Growth type 1) . The strains from India showed the highest diversity in terms of growth type variation. It was considered that the strains showing the most appropriate growth type for breeding high yielding early varieties suitable for the intensive cropping system in Thailand were predominantly distributed in the Philippines. Since the strains from India showed the highest diversity in the growth characteristics, it was suggested that the desirable source of genes such as disease and insect resistance could most probably be found in the strains from India.
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