2. CURRENT STATE OF DIALYSIS MEDICAL CARE IN JAPAN: DIALYSIS THERAPY IN JAPAN: AN OVERVIEW

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• Dialysis therapy and it's related extracorporeal methods are accepted as an ordinary treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In Japan, the social insurance systems were already well developed in the early days of dialysis technology and methodology development, enabling patients to have easy access to dialysis units and to be treated with uniformly high quality throughout the country. The dialysis population has increased to over two hundred thousand, which is over 1200 patients per one million population, the "top" position in the world. The reimbursement of the therapy cost has been a burden to the national budget for several decades and efforts have been made to cut the ESRD payment. Consequently, the ESRD payment per capita per year has been reduced by about one-third over the past 20 years, however, the survival and quality of life of the ESRD patients has not been sacrificed, which must be maintained even with further reduction of dialysis reimbursement.

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• 2. CURRENT STATE OF DIALYSIS MEDICAL CARE IN JAPAN: DIALYSIS THERAPY IN JAPAN: AN OVERVIEW

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