A case of acute meningoencephalitis due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae with elevation of interleukin 6 and 8 in cerebrospinal fluid and with lesions of crus cerebri on MRI.

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A 9-year-old boy with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M, pneumoniae) -related meningoencephalitis is described. Nine days after of a cold, he had a fever, headache and vomitting. Two days later, he was admitted to our hospital with gait disturbance and somnolence. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antibody titers to M, pneumoniae were elevated. The interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Intereukin-8 (IL-8) levels of CSF were high, but tumor necrosis factor- a (TNF-α), interleukin-1 a (IL-1α) and intereukin-1β(IL-1β) levels were not detectable. Serum levels of all cytokines studied were under detection limits. Myelin basic protein (MBP) titer in CSF was high. T2-weighted image of MRI disclosed high signal intensity in crus cerebri, serum anti-galactocerebroside C antibody (anti-GC antibody) were examined 3 times. Those levels were not high but declined day by day. So this case might be a mild type of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM).
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