Simple Procedure for Measuring Acid-Neutralizing Capacity of Soil
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概要
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A simple procedure for measuring acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) of soil has been developed on the basis of the results of soil column experiments with simulated acid rains (pH 3). The proposed procedure determines ANC of soil that is based on (1) carbonates, (2) exchangeable bases (Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>, Na<SUP>+</SUP>, and K<SUP>+</SUP>) and (3) sulfate adsorption (ligand exchange between SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> in acid precipitation and surface OH groups) using a batch technique. The column experiment results showed that Al<SUP>3+</SUP> concentration of effluent increased abruptly when pH decreased as low as about 5. We considered this stage the threshold of possible environmental effects, and defined ANC as "the amount of H+ being consumed by 100g of soil until pH of soil pore water decreases as low as 4.7". The amounts of carbonates plus exchangeable bases making up (ANC) c of soil are determined by treating the soil with acetic acid-ammonium acetate buffer solution (pH 4.7) followed by determining the concentration of Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>, Na<SUP>+</SUP> and K<SUP>+</SUP> in filtrate. The amount of exchangeable OH- making up (ANC) a was determined by treating the soil with potassium sulfate solution of which pH being adjusted to 4.7 using hydrochloric acid followed by determining the amount of SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> adsorbed by the soil. Because the extent to which (ANC) a contributes depends on the anion composition (the equivalent ratio of SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> a) of acid precipitation, ANC is calculated by the following equations: (1)ANC=(ANC)c/1-α, provided 0≤α<(ANC)a/(ANC)c+(ANC)a (2)ANC=(ANC)c+(ANC)a, provided(ANC)a/(ANC)c+(ANC)a≤α≤1 Results for ANC obtained using the proposed procedure were similar to those obtained using the conventional column technique for 10 soil samples with greatly differing ANC values (γ=0.98). The proposed procedure was superior to the column technique in that one can determine ANC in about 2 days and also can easily estimate the ANC values expected under different a conditions.
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社団法人 環境科学会 | 論文
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