Effect of Different Soil Moisture Regimes on Growth, Water Use, and Nitrogen Nutrition of Potted Tomato Seedlings.
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概要
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In a pot experiment under controlled conditions, 25 day old seedlings of the tomato (<I>Lycopersicon esculentum</I> Mill.) cultivar, House Momotaro were grown for 25 days under three different soil moisture regimes (SMRs), viz, irrigated up to container capacity (CC) level allowing 75, 50, 25% depletion of CC moisture (DCCM) (Hereafter referred to as at 75, 50, 25% DCCM) . The plants showed a higher periodic average evapotranspiration (ET) rate, and a higher cumulative ET 25 days after transplanting (DAT) when more water was made available in their root zone through irrigation. Growth of different plant parts and water use efficiency increased significantly with frequent irrigation with minimum soil drying from CC level. The sensitivity of tomato seedlings to soil moisture stress was reflected by a significant reduction in fresh and dry matter under severe water stress conditions. Nitrogen dilution effects in different plant parts were observed for the wetter SMRs. However, total N uptake was remarkably enhanced with increased availability of soil moisture. Significant and positive correlations of fresh and dry matter production with water use and N uptake were noted. A soil moisture regime up to 25% DCCM for irrigation was optimal in terms of growth and nitrogen uptake as well as efficiency in utilization of water and nitrogen. It was eventually suggested that the allowable extent of soil moisture depletion for irrigation in potted tomato seedlings should be less than 25% DCCM under abundant water conditions, and within 25 to 50% DCCM under limited water conditions. The findings are significant in relation to irrigation scheduling and water management not only for maximizing the early growth of tomato in pot culture, but also for avoiding the risk of any drastic reduction in growth and final yield of tomato.
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