Hydrolysis of Glycosylsucrose by Fructosyltransferase from Oral Bacteria
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概要
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Glucosylsucrose (G<SUB>2</SUB>F) and maltosylsucrose (G<SUB>3</SUB>F) are principal constituents of coupling sugar, which has a similar taste to cane sugar and is used as a sugar substitute in order to reduce the incidence of dental caries.<BR>The toluene-treated cells of <I>Streptococcus salivarius</I> 13419 possesed cell-bound fructosyltransferase and produced a large amount of fructan with fructose and maltose but no glucose from G<SUB>2</SUB>F. To clarify whether fructosyltransferase catalyzed this reaction, the extracellular fructosyltransferase was partially purified from <I>Actinomyces viscosus</I> Ny 1 and <I>S. mutans</I> JC 2. The enzyme obtained could produce fructan, fructose and maltose from G<SUB>2</SUB>F. G<SUB>3</SUB>F as a substrate of the enzyme was utilized to form fructan, fructose and maltotriose.<BR>These results strongly suggest that a fructosyltransferase catalyzes the first step of metabolism of G<SUB>2</SUB>F or G<SUB>3</SUB>F. It is possible that G<SUB>2</SUB>F and G<SUB>3</SUB>F and utilized by an oral bacteria which has a fructosyltransferase. The high fermentative efficiency of G<SUB>2</SUB>F and G<SUB>3</SUB>F by <I>S. salivarius</I> among oral bacteria might be ascribed to high activity of a cell-bound fructosyltransferase.
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