Gender Difference in High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Japanese

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Objective: Although the same high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) reference value is used for both genders in Japan, there are distinct HDL-C criteria for men and women in Western countries. In this study, we compared the 95% reference intervals of healthy subjects for men and women and tried to clarify a gender difference in HDL-C after adjusting for factors which may affect the HDL-C level. Methods: Study subjects were selected from health check-up examinees. People were excluded if they were taking medication for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and/or hyperuricemia, had a history of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and/or chronic renal failure, had a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, were smokers, or drank ≥25 g/day alcohol. HDL-C values were log transformed, with values beyond the mean ±3 SD truncated. The means ±2 SD of the log HDL-C values were defined as the upper and lower reference limits for HDL-C. A total of 1,582 subjects (365 men, 1,217 women) were analyzed.Results: The reference interval for HDL-C was 42 - 92 mg/dL in men and 50 - 109 mg/dL in women. Mean HDL-C was 63.3 ± 12.8 mg/dL for men and 74.7 ± 15.2 mg/dL for women. The results of multiple regression analysis suggested that HDL-C was increased by female sex (9.922 mg/dL gain), exercise habit (more than 30 min a time, twice a week: 2.512 mg/dL gain), losing 1 kg/m2 in BMI (1.575 mg/dL gain) and aging one year (0.206 mg/dL gain). Conclusion: Having a distinct HDL-C reference interval for each gender might be desirable for Japanese.

Gender Difference in High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Japanese

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