Part II. Preservation of fruits wrapped with some kinds of plastic film and irradiation:Effects of Electron Irradiation on the Preservation of Citrus Unshiu

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概要

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• The work was conducted on the low energy electron irradiation of Citrus Unshiu fruits to prevent the growth of fungi and the deterioration. The present study was undertaken to investigate the influence of electron irradiation on the storage life of Citrus Unshiu fruits which were wrapped with some kinds of plastic films. Plastic film was used to prevent the electron irradiated fruits from infecting with micro-organisms in the storage period.<BR>The permeabilities of water vapour and gases of plastic films were tested, and the five kinds of films, 1, 2-polybutadiene (PBD), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), cellulose di-acetate (CA) and Vinylon (polyvinyl alcohol, PVA) were used for the experiment (Table 1).<BR>The Citrus Unshiu fruits used were Sugiyama variety of medium class in fruit size, and harvested on 4th, Dec., 1971 at Harukigawa Izumi, Osaka. The fruits were stored for 20 days at 4°C, R.H. 80-90%, and the each of fruits was wrapped with plastic film and irradiated on next day with doses of 100 or 150 Krad. Fruits were irradiated from both of the stem-end and another end at each dose respectively by a Cockcroft-Walton type accelerator at 0.5 MeV and 450μA. After irradiation, the samples were stored at above mentioned condition. The items of growth of fungi, rotting, loss of weight, softening and browning of peel, destruction of oil-gland, and blackening of sepal were examined at every month after irradiation.<BR>The results of growth of fungi and rotting of irradiated fruits are shown in Table 2. The wrapped ones with PE, PVC and PBD films which had low permeability towater vapour was lower in loss of weight, and stored in the good state for 2 months after irradiation, but at the 3 months, the percent of rotted fruits increased unexpectedly, and at the 4 months, all of fruits rotted. It was considered that the wrapping with PE, PVC and PBD films was not suitable for the long storage life of irradiated fruits. On the other hand, the effect of storage life of the wrapped ones with CA film which had higher permeability to water vapour was similar to non-wrapped ones. The percent of rotting, softening and loss of weight was smaller than those of non-irradiated (Table 2, 3 and 4). But, the percent of browning of peel, and blackening of sepal was higher than those of non-irradiated (Table 5). The loss of weight of the wrapped one with PVA was larger than that of non-wrapped (Table 3 and 6).<BR>From these results, it was appeared that the tested plastic films, except CA, was not suitable for the preservation of Citrus Unshiu fruits. (Table 6).<BR>Table 7 shows the results of pH, contents of sugar, citric acid and reductive Vitamin C for non- and irradiated, and non- and wrapped with PBD film.

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