カテゴリ-群化における典型性効果

概要

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To investigate typicality effect on category clustering, three lists were constructed with varying typicality but with equivalent familiarity. Each list was composed of 36 items, six examplars from each of six categories, which were kagu (furniture), yasai (vegetable), mushi (insect), tori (bird), doubutsu (animal), and dougu (tool). In Exp. I, 60 undergraduates learned the lists, and their free-recall data indicated that high typicality list was more clustered and better recalled. Experiment II, in which category named were presented either before or after list learning to 120 undergraduates, showed the same typicality effect as was found in Exp. I. Results suggest that the typicality effect obtained in Exp. I was not due to category name retrieval in list learning or in recall but due to chunking while learning the list.