消極的 (陰性) 殘像による補色の研究
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概要
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This study was planned with both practical and theoretical interest. From the practical point of view, I wanted to determine the nature of Zimmermann's colour paper, which is usually used for ordinary psychological experiments. When we use them we ought to know the nature of each colour. One way of doing this, is in terms of physical attributes. The other is psychological, that is to know what relations there exist between the sensations aroused by those colours. From the theoretical point of view the question of complementarity of colours and the nature of after-image is of interest.<BR>On the one hand, it is defined that the two colours which becomes colourless when mixed are complementary to each other. On the other hand, it is known that the hue of an after-image of a certain colour is complementary to the original stimulus. I tried to combine these two propositions in this experiment. The usual method of determining complementary colour is by colour-mixing, so this may be said a new approach to this question.<BR>The observer is asked to look at a small colour square (one square centimeter) cut of the Zimmermann set on medium gray back-ground for 20 seconds. The experimenter takes away the colour, and the observer gazes the same spot and carefully notes the hue of the after-image. In front of the observer the whole series of 15 colours are arranged according to the hue and each colour is numbered 1-15 starting with red. At a most suitable time the observer tries to locate the hue of the after-image in the series of sample colours. This was done without difficulty.<BR>The experiment was conducted in a well lighted room on the north side in a diffuse day-light. The observers included in this report are 5 university students.<BR>For the results the reader is advised to see the Tables 1 and 2 in the original Japanese article in this Journal.<BR>After image_??_<BR>Figure 2 in the Japanese section will show diagramatically the complementary relations of the 15 colours used in this experiment.<BR>Some of the other points of interest are as follows;<BR>Occurrence of green, greenish-blue, blue and violet after-images are most frequent, and reds and yellows are very rare.<BR>About the reciprocality of complementary colours of these 15 colours, No. 1(Red) and No.10 (Greenish-Blue), No.5 (Ultramarine Blue) and No.12 (Greenish-Blue), and No.8 (Green) and No.13 (Violet) are most perfect.