幼兒の色彩感に關する研究
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概要
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This is an attempt to investigate, in popular language, what might be called 'coloursenseano colour feeling'of young children by an objective method. Three different ways of approach were chosen.<BR>I. The Preference of Colour Combinations<BR>Two series of colour combinations were used. One series consisted of red (R) combined with light red (R), orange (O), yellow (Y), green (G), blue (B), and violet (V) and the other of blue combined with red, orange, yellow, green, light blue (B), and violet.<BR>The subjects were 400 kindergarten children in the city cif Osaka. This included 100 children for each of the following groups, 5 years old boys, 5 years old girls, 6 years old boys, and 6 years old girls.<BR>Each series were presented to the subject individually by the method of paired comparison, red series and blue series separately.<BR><I>Results:-</I><BR>1. The range of distribution of the degrees of preference, as indicated by the percentage of the number of times a certain combination of colours was chosen to the total number of times that combination was presented with various other combinations, is very narrow, compared with that of the college students found in the former investigation by the present writer and with that of the 5th and 6th grade boys, of the primary school that was investigated by Kobayasi and Kaneko of the Keio University. This fact indicates that the differentiation of preference has not developed yet with young children of these ages.<BR>2. The choice, however, is not haphazard, because there is a consistent order of preference.<BR>3. In red series, R-B or R-Y always occupies the first or the second position, R-G the third, R-o and R-V moves between the fourth and the sixth, and R-R' is the lowest, with four groups as indicated above. As a whole R-B, R-Y, and R-G are decidedly combinations liked and R-o, R-V, and R-R' are those disliked. Thus six combinations of red with other colours are divided into two rather dis-tinct groups that are liked and disliked. The former group (R-B, R-Y, and R-G) blue, yellow and green contain no red element, while in the latter group orange, violet and light red are all re dish. Therefore it can be concluded that the young children like colour combinations with clear contrast.<BR>4. There is little sex difference. Girls like R-o better than the boys.<BR>5. There is little age difference also, between these two ages. But a great difference exists as compared with college students and older boys in the primary school. In the older group R-O gradually ascends in the scale and R-G descends.<BR>6. In blue series the result is not so definite as in red series. The order of preference is B-Y, B-O, B-R, B-G, B-V.<BR>Here also the first three are combinations, of strong contrast, Therefore the same conclusion as in 3. above is reached.<BR>7. Little sex or age difference are recognized.<BR>II. Use of Colours and Colour Combinations by Young Children<BR>Children were given a outline drawing to paint. The drawing, as shown in the Japanese text, contains a girl and a boy walking hand in hand, each carrying two balloons at the end of strings and flying in the air. The children were supplied with red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, brown (Bn), and black (Bk) crayons.<BR><I>Results:-</I><BR>1. Each child is to paint four balloons. So there are 1600 balloons to be painted by 400 children. The amount of colours used can be measured by the number of balloons, and it is as follows;<BR>R O Y G B V Bn BK unpainted Total<BR>Boys 293 53 149 98 68 56 42 25 16 800<BR>Girls 281 95 135 104 68 21 27 13 6 800<BR>5 yrs. 322 67 112 104 60 51 46 22 16 800<BR>6 yrs. 252 81 172 98 76 76 23 16 6 800<BR>Total 574 148 284 202 136 127 69 38 22 1600<BR>2.
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会の論文