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Etiological agents of hospitalized 262 cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children during recent 12.5 years were analysed. Diagnostic methods used were blood and sputum culture, viral and chlamydial antigen detection, and viral and mycoplasmal antibody response. A causative agent was detected in 188 (72%) of the patients. Thirty-nine percent of the patients had bacterial infection, 23% had mycoplasmal infection, 19% had viral infection, and 11% had concomitant viral-bacterial and mycoplasmal-bacterial infection. Bacterial species isolated were H. influenzae (19%), S. pneumoniae (12%), and M. catarrhalis (3%). No other bacteria such as S. aureus were detected. In viral agents, RS virus was detected in 10% of the patients. Although bacteria and/or virus were the main cause of CAP in infant group, M. pneumoniae was an overwhelming cause in elderly group. The cases with bacteremia were seen in 4 (1.5%) of the 262 patients, and the isolated strains were S. pneumoniae only. All of these four bacteremic patients showed lobar (consolidative) pneumonia pattern.
日本小児呼吸器疾患学会の論文