Nitrogen compounds in petroleum. IV. Distribution profiles of nitrogen compounds in petroleum by solid-liquid chromatography.

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A simple method for the characterization of nitrogen compounds in petroleum products by the investigation of the distribution profiles of nitrogen compounds using stepwise gradient elution on silica gel has been conducted. Samples were charged onto a 8φ×150 mm glass column containing 3 g of silica gel for column chromatography, followed by 15 ml of hexane to remove the non-polar bulk hydrocarbons from the sample. The eluate collected was removed from the solvent and analyzed for nitrogen, wt % yield and UV absorbance at 220 nm. The same procedure was followed by each 15 ml of 1, 3, 5, 10, 30, 60, 100%(v/v)-THF in hexane eluents. Plots of the nitrogen contents <I>vs.</I> the concentration of eluents gave characteristic patterns for petroleum distillates. The crude and residual oils from different geological sources exhibit similar nitrogen distribution profiles. There are two peak values; the peak at 3%-THF increases and that at 30%-THF decreases as the boiling range of the distillate decreases. Nitrogen compounds are distributed uniformly in a wide range of polar components with regard to adsorptivity on silica gel. The method was further applied to the reaction products of quinoline and indole by irradiation with UV light in isooctane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane) solution.
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