In vitro and in vivo activities of norfloxacin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against various mycobacteria.
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<I>In vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> antimycobacterial activities of new quinolones, norfloxacin (NFLX), ofloxacin (OFLX) and ciprofloxacin (CPFX) were studied and the following results were obtained.<BR>With regard to the in vitro activity of the quinolones against various pathogenic mycobacteria evaluated by agar dilution method, it was found that these quinolones were appreciably active against <I>M. tuberculosis</I> (MIC<SUB>90</SUB>=0.83.13μg/ml), <SUB>M. kansasii</SUB> (for OFLX and CPFX 1.6μg/ml), <I>M. marinum</I> (for CPFX, 0.8, μ/ml) and <I>M. fortuitum</I> (0.2-0.8 μg/ml), while they showed only a low activity against <I>M. scrofulaceum</I>, M. aviumcomplex and <I>M. chelonae</I>. The activity was highest in CPFX, intermediate in OFLX and lowest in NFLX.<BR>Antimicrobial activity of 1 μg/ml of the quinolones against M. fortuitum growing in Dubos Tween-albumin medium or resting in phosphate buffered saline was studied. All agents showed antimicrobial activity against the organisms in both cases, whereas NFLX showed only a weak bacteriostatic action on the organisms growing in Dubos Tween albumin medium. The activity of CPFX was higher than that of OFLX.<BR>OFLX and CPFX showed the therapeutic effects against experimental murine infection due to <I>M. fortuitum</I> when each agent was given orally to mice 24h after infection at the dose of 1 mg per mouse once daily, 6 times a week, for 4 weeks, but NFLX did not.
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