カキ果の蒂の生理生態学的研究-1-

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It seems that the calyx of Japanese persimmon fruit has remarkable characteristics compared with that of any other kind of fruit. It is known by many growers that when the fruits suffered from some damages on their calyx lobes (for example, calyx scorch due to the injury caused by spray or insect attack etc.), the develop-ment of the fruits is inferior to that of the normal ones. Therefore, the authors have investigated the de-velopment of the fruits in which all or a part of the calyx lobes consisting of 4 lobes have been removed, with a view to make ascertain the role of the calyx on the development of the fruits, with "Fuyu" variety, since 1951. In this report the authors describe only the in-fluence of the removal of calyx lobes on the fruit development. 1. The young fruits, when all of the calyx lobes were removed in the early stage of fruit develop-ment from flower bud stage to the beginning of July, had been induced to fruit dropping or checked markedly in their development after the'treatment. But in the case of the same treatment in July and August, the fruit development proceeded consider-ably, the rate of dropping was reduced and the fruits continued to enlarge fairly. The same treatment in the last period of fruit enlargement since last Sep-tember, had scarcely influenced the fruit develop-ment. The effect of calyx lobes on the fruit deve-lopment was most significant in the early stage offruit development, and it became gradually less important as the fruit enlargement proceeded. 2. In the varied degrees (0. 5 to 3. 5 of 4 calyx lobes) of removal, on the 21 st of June, the fruit development was checked more severely, with in-crease of degrees of the removal. Especially, it was significant that in the case of 3. 5 calyx lobes being lost, the fruit did not drop, but developed consider-ably, as compared with the result that the fruit dropped when all calyx lobes were removed. There-fore, it seems that the function of calyx lobes on the fruit development has comparatively great effect in the prevention of dropping of young fruits and the development of them, if the fruit possesses the calyx lobes even a little. 3. It seems that with the function of calyx lobes on the fruit development, there is no difference between their top parts and basic ones. 4. Even when all the leaves on bearing branch were removed, so far as the fruits had all the normal calyx lobes, .they developed very fairly. 5. When the fruit development was checked as the result of the removal of all calyx lobes, the seed growth in that fruit were checked, too. The shortage of carbohydrate was also found in such fruit. From these facts, it may be considered that in order to develop and mature the fruits completely, it is necessary to keep the calyx lobes perfect and healthy in full course of the fruit development.
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カキ果の蒂の生理生態学的研究-1-

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