気道抵抗からみた粒径の異なるエーロゾル及び化学性状の異なる刺激性ガスの相互作用
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概要
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Make use of pneumotachograph and airflow interruption technique, the pulmonary air-way resistance in 25 healthy male volunteers was measured to compare the consecutive responses followed by (1) 5 minute inhalation of NaCl aerosols (0.95μ and 0.22μ of count median diameter), (2) irritant gases (SO2 and NO2), (3) mixture of the NaCl aerosols and the irritant gases. Each inhalation was made after completion of recovery from the preceding effect.For 10 subjects (group I) the large size aerosols and SO2 of 9-60ppm were inhaled, for 8 subjects (group II) the small size aerosols and NO2 of 3-23ppm, and for 7 subjects (group III) the large aerosols and NO2 of 6-40ppm, respectively. To the combination of the small size NaCl and SO2, result of the previous study done by Toyama and the author was referred.Results are as follows; (1) no or slight change of air-way resistance were observed by NaCl aerosol inhalation, (2) the dose-response relationship between air-way resistance change and the concentration of inhaled gas was clear in the exposure to sulfur dioxide but not to nitrogen dioxide, (3) synergistic increase of a air-way resistance was observed in group I and III, especially in group I, but it was not remarkable in group II. The difference of synergistic response among each group is concerned with the penetrability of gas and aerosols into respiratory tracts, the retentive rate of aerosols, and the air-way size of respiratory tracts which mainly participate in the change of airway resistance.It is concluded that the mixture of NO2 and smll size aerosols (group II) are considered to be the most penetrative into the alveoli where the constriction participated to the air-way resistance change may be minimal.On the other hand, the mixture of large size aerosols (CMD=ca. 1μ) and SO2 (group I) are the most retentive in respiratory tracts, especially in lower parts (respiratory bronchioles or alveolar ducts) which mainly participate in the air-way resistance change.
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