石油汚染が海洋生物に及ぼす影響の基礎的研究-2-流出油乳化剤構成分の植物プランクトンに対する致死濃度

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The lethal concentrations of solvents (9 samples) and non-ionic surfactants (16 samples) used as oil-spill emulsifiers were determined for two species of marine phytoplankton by culture experiments with the following results. Of the test organisms used, Skeletonema costatum was ten times or more sensitive than Nitzschia closterium to most of the samples. The toxicity of petroleum solvents was dependent on their aromatic content. The surfactants with hydrophobic groups such as alkyl phenol and secondary alcohol were highly toxic. The ester type surfactants were less toxic than the ether type ones. It was also ascertained that there is some relation between the toxicity and the HLB of non-ionic surfactants.
日本水産學會の論文