Preliminary Survey of Relative Group Density of Macaca fuscata yakui in Relation to Logging History at Seven Sites in Yakushima, Japan

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The forest habitat of the Yakushima macaque varies in quality as a result of logging, secondary growth and conifer plantations. A preliminary survey was made of macaque populations at 7 sites representing a range of habitat quality. All sites were located at between 300 and 800m asl, in the warm temperate broad-leaved forest zone in northwest Yakushima (30°N, 131°E), Japan. The extent of logging within a 1km2 plot at each site was assessed using image analysis of forestry maps. The proportion of the plot which had been logged within the previous 25 years ranged from 0 to about 68%, within 50 years from 0 to 79%, and within 75 years from 28 to 79%. Observations, vocalisations and droppings of macaques were recorded for a total of 284hr along census trails of between 2.2 and 3.5km. This included four 'full' days (7.5-8.5hr) for each site, which were used for the analyses. Macaques were found at all sites. The mean number of groups seen or heard ranged from 0.11 to 0.82/km/day, and was positively correlated (rs=0.64) with the proportion of mature forest at each site. There was no clear correlation between the mean detection rate of groups and the rate at which droppings were found. The latter may be a less accurate measure of relative group density in a short-term survey. Although Yakushima macaques do utilise areas within 25 years of heavy logging, more groups were found in areas where logging was less recent and/or less extensive. A long-term survey is now underway which will assess the details of this relationship, the influence of forestry plantations, and seasonal variation in use of different habitat types.
日本霊長類学会の論文

Preliminary Survey of Relative Group Density of Macaca fuscata yakui in Relation to Logging History at Seven Sites in Yakushima, Japan

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