Surface irradiation damage of 316 stainless steel, vanadium and molybdenum by helium ion bombardment.

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Molybdenum, V and 316 stainless steel were irradiated with 50150 keV He ions at the temperatures between 413 and 1, 298 K for total doses ranging 1 x 10221 x 1023 m-2, and the characteristics of the surface damage were compared. Severe exfoliation was observed in all of these materials for the irradiation at 413±110 and 748±25 K. The number of exfoliated skins was larger than that in literature, and increased nearly in proportion with the total dose. It increased in the order Mo<316SS<V. When the dose was low, the amount of erosion increased rapidly with total dose, but tended to be saturated for higher doses than 3 x 1022 m-2. It increased in the order Mo<V<316 SS at 413±110 K, while in the order 316 SS<Mo<V at 748±25 K. At higher temperatures than 923 K, blisters and porous surface were formed and the exfoliation of skins ceased. The amount of erosion increased with increasing incident ion energy in the energy range between 50 and 150 keV at 413±110 K for a total dose of 1 x 1022 m-2.