ヒト口蓋扁桃の走査電子顕微鏡的研究

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概要

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• Since Flemming considered the secondary nodules of lymphatic tissue as a lymphopoietic organ and termed it the germinal center, the germinal centers have been extensively studied by many investigators. Recently the immunological studies have been clarified the relationships between the germinal centers and immune system. The present paper described the morphology of the germinal center of the human palatine tonsil using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The human palatine tonsils were obtained at the operations for chronic tonsilitis and hypertrophy of tonsil. The tissues were fixed with glutaradehyde, tannic acid and osmium tetroxide (MURAKAMI). On the way of dehydration, specimens were frozen in liquid nitrogen and fractured with a razor blade using the freeze-cracking method (Tokunaga et al.). The cracked specimens were dried by the critical point drying. The dried specimens were coated with carbon and gold in * vacuum evaporator and examined with JSM-S SEM.The palatine tonsil consists of the dense accumulations of the lymphatic tissues located beneath the pharyngeal mucosa. The compact nodules contain many germinal centers, similar to those of lymph node. The light microscopic observations show that the germinal centers consist of a lighter staining central area and * surrounding zone of more closely packed cells. SEM observations of cut-surface of tonsils can clearly demonstrate the the presence of the germinal center. The lighter central area has groups of the roud cells, reticulum cells and reticulum fibers.Reticulum fibers are fine filamentous structure and fuse each other to build up a complicated meshwork.There are gaps between the most outer portions of the lighter central area and a surrounding zone. Along these gaps, special arrangements consisting of the lamellar structures and round cells are found. The lamellar structures arrange parallel to the gaps outside the lighter central area and appear similarly to be the septal segments. The round cells with a number of microvilli on their free surface are situated between two lamellae. When seeing the front-view of the lamellar structures after removal of the lighter central area, the lamellar structures appear to be thin membranous structures which cover completely the lighter central area. The membranous structue has a number of pores which are various in shape and size, and accompany with the round cells. These findings suggest that the round cells could pass through the pore. The possible relationship between the SEM findings and immunological functions of the tonsilar germinal center was discussed.

• 社団法人 日本耳鼻咽喉科学会の論文

著者

• 川端 五十鈴

  群馬大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室

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