小児母音の年令的変化に関する研究 : Sound SpectrographによるFormant構造と母音の分化の検討
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概要
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The formant construction of Japanese vowels (/a/ / i/ /u/ /e/ /o/) was investigated by use of the sound spectrograph in 475 children ranging in age from 1 to 11.On the basis of these data the developmental process of vowel sounds was studied with special reference to shiftings in the vowel chart (a. b diagram.), which was proposed by M. Iri.He stated that the vowel phonemes were characterized by the set of parameters (a. b) :a=10 log (F2/3√F1F2F3), b=10 log (F3/3√F1F2F3) (F1, F2, F3: the first, second, third formant respectively.)All other phonemically significant quantities must be functions of a and b.According to this mathematical method, it was said that one can neglect the influence of different vocal cavities. The present author therefore, supposed that this method was one of the most suitable technique to deal with present study.The results and considerations were summarized as follows :1) The formant construction in children was proved to be different from that in the adult, especially in younger group of age from 1 to 4.2) In children, each of three formants had a definitely higher absolute value than that of the adult. Among these three, there was a tendency that the first formant was relatively highest compared with that in the adult.3) There was no sexual difference in the pattern of formant construction in all the subjects examined.4) It was suggested that there were two directions in the developmental process of the vowel sounds; one direction was from middle to front, and the other was from middle to back. This result coincided with the tendency of vowel-like voices during prelinguistic period in Japanes infants.5) Further differenciation of the front vowel sounds appeared earlier than that of the back vowels.
- 社団法人 日本耳鼻咽喉科学会の論文
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