The Distribution of Genus Staphylococcus in the Oral Cavities of Cats
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the microflora and identify staphylococci in the oral cavity of cats. Oral swab samples from 20 cats were cultured on BHI-YE agar for total organisms, and selective media for staphylococci. The distribution and characterization of the isolates were studied. The predominant bacteria were gram-negative and -positive rods, accounting for approximately 53.4 and 41.9% on BHI-YE plates, respectively. Gram-negative and -positive cocci were detected at low levels on the medium. The genus Staphylococcus was identified in all examined cats, comprising 0.4-5.7% of the total cultured bacteria. The majority of isolates were identified as Staphylococcus intermedius, from 16 cats. The next most common strains were Staphylococcus simulans and Staphylococcus sciuri, from 13 and 9 cats, respectively. Minor strains, Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Staphylococcus aureus were also detected. The co-existence of at least two staphylococcal species was noted in 18 subjects. Only isolates identified as S. sciuri had the mecA gene. However, they were sensitive to methicillin and did not possess other mec-accociated genes. Methicillin -resistant S. sciuri was obtained by several transfer cultures on methicillin (20 μg/ml)-containing medium. MICs were 128-1,024 μg/ml. They still did not induce other mec-associated genes. These results suggest that methicillin-sensitive staphylococci that have the mecA gene tend to become drug-resistant strains when repeatedly exposed to methicillin.
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