Representation of Extreme Weather during a Typhoon Landfall in Regional Meteorological Simulations: A Model Intercomparison Study for Typhoon Songda (2004)

概要

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The representations of extreme weather during the landfall of Typhoon Songda (2004) in regional simulations at 1-km resolution are described and compared for two cloud-resolving models: Non-hydrostatic Model (NHM) and the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). Both models, using the same 5-km-mesh outputs from NHM as their initial and boundary conditions, successfully reproduced the observed typhoon track and intensity. The comparison of surface winds indicated that WRF evaluates more enhanced extremes than NHM; on the other hand, the representations of rainfalls indicated that the extremes of hourly and accumulated rainfalls simulated by the two models are evaluated differently. Slight differences in the model topography between the two models, though produced by the same terrain dataset, were shown to significantly affect the representations of the extremes in each model. It should be recognized that not only the differences in model numerics and physics but also slight changes in the reproduction of topography induce differences in the representations of extreme weather.